Susannes Folksong-Notizen
[1909:] Learned in boyhood - air & words - from hearing the people all round me sing it. The words have never been published: but I have a dim recollection of seeing them in early days printed on a ballad-sheet. There is a setting of the air (different from mine) in Stanford-Petrie, and marked there (by Petrie) as from Donegal. Coupling this record with the phraseology, I am disposed to think that the whole song belongs to Donegal. But how it made its way to Limerick [Joyce's hometown] is more than I can tell. (P. W. Joyce, 'Old Irish Folk Music and Song')
[1967:] By no means all country workers were credulous
bumpkins, as Arthur McBride shows, that most good-natured,
mettlesome, and un-pacifistic of anti-militarist songs. It has
been a remarkably widespread and well-favoured piece. Patrick
Joyce learnt it in Limerick during his boyhood in the early
1840s, and around the same time George Petrie received a version
from a Donegal correspondent. Sam Fone [...] remembered it as his
father's favourite in Devon in the 1830s, and he sang a good set
of it to Baring-Gould in 1893. The song had made its way to the
Scottish north-east during the latter half of the century, and
Gavin Greig recorded a version, 'Scotticized to some extent',
from Alexander Robb, his school caretaker at New Deer,
Aberdeenshire. More recently, a singer from Walberswick, Suffolk,
recorded it for the BBC early in 1939. [...]
Throughout the whole period from the Restoration to the accession
of Victoria - that is, during the liveliest time of folk song
creation - the discipline of army and navy was brutal and
callous, ruled by the lash. [...]
Desperate recruitment, barbarous treatment, low pay (fixed after
the Restoration at eightpence a day for foot soldiers, and so it
remained for 123 years regardless of the raised cost of living).
[...] (Lloyd, England 239ff)
[1969:] I have always assumed that this highly subversive song
was from East Anglia, but in fact I don't know. It is probably
18th century in origin and I learned it from Redd Sullivan.
(Notes Martin Carthy, 'Prince Heathen')
[
1976:] After the landlord's agent, probably one of the most
hated persons in Ireland was the recruiting sergeant. The Irish
peasant, destitute of worldly possessions and ground down by
poverty, was forced of necessity to fight for a power which he
despised. The balladmaker, being aware of this, was not slow to
express his feelings in some of his most vicious ballads, always
with a sarcastic edge. The earlier ballads such as this one, Mrs
McGrath, The Kerry Recruit and Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye, set the
tone for the later anti-recruiting songs such as Sergeant William
Bailey and The Tipperary Recruiting Sergeant, written during the
1914-18 war, when England was attempting to enforce conscription
in Ireland. The sarcasm of the song cannot hide the terrible
conditions under which soldiers were forced to serve after they
had accepted the shilling, and Arthur's words "I would not
be proud of your clothes ...", are only too true, when one
considers that twenty-five lashes with the cat-o'-nine-tails was
the minimum punishment and a staggering 1500, the legal maximum.
All this for eightpence a day. The song was collected in Limerick
by P.W. Joyce about 1840. On account of its phraseology, he was
disposed to think that it came from Donegal. The version sung
here by Paul is one which he heard in America. (Frank Harte,
notes 'Andy Irvine & Paul Brady')
[1977:] The reference to 'a shilling a day' [not in the above
versions] must date the song to the nineteenth century, but it
has all the economy and directness of the older traditional
ballads. [...] The song presumably originated in Ireland, but it
was also known in England and Scotland. Our version [close to all
the above, but with Arthur McBride the name of the recruiting
sergeant] is from the north-east of Scotland, where it was taken
by migrant harvesters from Ireland, and became a favourite in the
farm bothies. (Palmer, Soldier 56f)
[1988:] This famous song would appear to me to have originated
in Donegal or in Scotland. Its popularity was such that it
travelled to England and America [...]. The recruiting sergeant
and his party must have been a curse to the common people of
Ireland at the time of the Napoleonic Wars, especially as most of
them would have had more sympathy with Napoleon than with the
British. (Andy Irvine, Aiming for the Heart 13)
See also
Arthur McBride
Planxty's Arthur McBride
Paul Brady's version
Paul Brady \ Arthur McBride
Bodleian Library
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